2 Disadvantages Of Using Condoms
Use of condoms are one of the cheapest methods of birth control that most people prefer using. Everything always have a good and bad side. Some people usually assume the…
Ndindi Nyoro, Ichungwa Among Leaders Spotted At Statehouse Where Ruto Is Currently Signing New Bill
Ndindi Nyoro, who has been at the centre of recent discussions about his future, as the head of the budget committee in parliament is present at state house where President…
Jeridah Andayi Gives Son His First Drink, His Reaction Will Leave You Speechless
Former Radio Citizen presenter Jeridah Andayi recently made headlines after moving to the United States with her three children. One special moment from their new life caught the attention of…
“Drama Unfolds in Kigumo Village as Father Lands Chopper to Reclaim Children from Ex-Wife
Kigumo Village in Runyenjes was thrust into an unexpected spectacle as a father arrived in a helicopter to reclaim his three children after his ex-wife reportedly fled to her parents’…
CCTV Footage Shows wife of bonfire adventure CEO wife Assaulting a House Manager
A shocking CCTV video has surfaced on Twitter, showing Sarah Kabu, wife of Bonfire Adventures CEO Simon Kabu, assaulting her house manager. The footage has quickly gone viral, sparking outrage…
NTV News Anchor Fridah Mwaka Changes Her Style, Debuts Her New Interesting Look
Popular NTV news anchor Fridah Mwaka has announced to her fans that she has made a change in her style and boldly embraced a new look. The talented Swahili journalist…
Olunga Celebrates Girlfriend Grace Akinyi on Her Birthday with Heartfelt Message
The couple, who have been together since Olunga’s days playing for Gor Mahia and studying at the Technical University of Kenya (TUK), marked the occasion with touching tributes on social…
The Real Reason Why Michelle and Barack Obama’s Daughter Malia Dropped Her Famous Surname
Malia Ann Obama attends the “The Heart” Premiere at the Short Film Program 1 during the 2024 Sundance Film Festival at Prospector Square Theatre on January 18, 2024 in Park…
“I am not born again.” Prezzo dismisses the claims that he has a new journey with christ
In a surprising turn of events, Kenyan rapper Prezzo has dismissed rumors suggesting he has embarked on a spiritual journey with Christ. The speculation arose after he was seen alongside…
Mueni Bahati Shows Off KSh 31k Savings, Humorously Denies Mum Request for KSh 5k
Mueni Bahati, the young daughter of Kenyan musician Bahati and Yvette Obura, has charmed social media users with her impressive saving skills and hilarious refusal to lend her mother KSh…
“Urembo Ni Gharama” Kate Actress Undergoes A Cosmetic Procedure
Celebrated Kenyan actress Catherine Kamau alias Kate Actress has revealed to the whole world that she has undergone a cosmetic procedure so as to get her dream body. The award-winning…
Cheeky Reason Pastor Ezekiel Shaved His Beard
New Life Church preacher Ezekiel Odero has sparked controversy with his remarks about bearded men. In an Instagram video shared by DJ Sadic, the pastor is seen leading a church…
KTN Home and KTN News Merge Under Unified Brand
The Standard Group has announced the merger of KTN Home and KTN News, creating a single unified brand under the name ‘KTN.’The rebranding, announced on Monday, December 2, aims to…
HomeBusinessDomesticKRA introduces changes to VAT return filing for businesses, individuals03 December 2024 at 12:36
The Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) has introduced a simplified VAT filing system for businesses, and individuals starting November 2024. The Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) has unveiled a significant update aimed…
Kalonzo Sends Out Appeal as IEBC Reconstitution Continues to Delay
Wiper Democratic Movement party leader Kalonzo Musyoka has called for the reconstitution of the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) as possible. In an update on Tuesday, December 3, he…
Patience Mshenga, First Duruma Woman Professor, Appointed Laikipia University Deputy Vice Chancellor
Laikipia University has appointed Prof. Patience Mlongo Mshenga as its new Deputy Vice Chancellor in charge of Administration, Finance, and Planning (AFP). Prof. Mshenga, the first Duruma woman to earn…
Men Who Marry Women With These 4 Qualities Are Very Lucky
Marriage is one of the most significant commitments a person can make, and finding the right partner is essential for building a fulfilling and lasting relationship. Men who marry women…
Gachagua’s Lawyer Paul Muite Breaks Silence With a Morning Message to Junet Mohammed Latest Move
As Kenyans meticulously point out their inadequacies, the Kenya Kwanza government, led by President William Ruto and his deputy, Kithure Kindiki, is working nonstop to show that they are actually…
Former Ruto’s DP Rigathi Holds meetings With Businessmen, Influencers, Allies Ahead of 2025 Comeback
According to today’s publication, former Ruto’s DP Rigathi Gachagua is having no rest following details of meetings that have been held at his rural home in Nyeri ahead of next…
How Ruto Disappointed Former KDF Chief By Denying Him The Powerful Interior CS Position
Whereas many Kenyans had tipped him to be appointed by President William Ruto as the new interior Cabinet Secretary, former Chief of Defence Forces General ( RTD) Robert Kibochi has…
Man found dead in Nairobi guesthouse
Police are investigating an incident in which a middle-aged man was found in a guest room he had been booked into along Kirinyaga Road, Nairobi. A cleaner at the guesthouse…
Situation As Ruto’s Top CS, PS Silently Jets Out Of Kenya, Lands In Foreign Nation
According to available sources of news, his Excellency President Ruto’s top Cabinet Secretary for Mining and Maritime affairs CS Joho left the country early and landed in Indonesia, where was…
Omtatah Unveils New Changes to Education System He Will Incorporate If Elected President in 2027
Busia Senator Okiya Omtatah has announced plans to transform Kenya’s education system if he wins the presidency in the coming 2027 elections. The vocal lawyer recently declared his candidature in…
EACC invites Kenyans to pay Ksh.53,000 for integrity training as it starts coaching 9 Ugandans
The National Integrity Academy, the training arm of the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC), has invited Kenyans to pay Ksh.53,000 for an integrity training program.This was intimated by EACC CEO…
Fresh Headache for Kindiki as His Capacity to Hold Office Under Question Months After Swearing-in
Deputy President Kithure Kindiki is facing growing concerns about his qualifications to hold office, months after his swearing-in. Critics have pointed fingers at the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC)…
RIP: Morning Shock As 2 Top Thika DCI Commanders Found Dead In Suspected Suicide
The town of Thika was shaken on Monday following the tragic deaths of two police officers in separate incidents suspected to be suicides. The two officers, both stationed in the…
Kenya at 60: 5 Economic Wins Kenya’s Diplomacy Has Achieved
Over the past week, the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs has been leading the country in celebrating 60 years of diplomatic excellence. This transformative journey, which started in 1964,…
Prepare for Heavy Rains for the Next Seven Days if You Live in the Following Parts of the Country
The Kenya Meteorological Department (KMD) has issued a seven-day weather forecast valid from December 3 to December 9, 2024, predicting significant rainfall in various parts of the country. Residents in…
MPs Propose New Changes for EPRA, Kenya Power to Reduce Electricity Costs
The National Assembly Departmental Committee on Energy has tabled a raft of proposals in Parliament following its inquiry on how to reduce electricity costs for Kenyans. As detailed in the…
Huge Relief For President William Ruto as He is Publicly Told To Appoint Ex-Uhuru’s CS to Fix SHA
The Kenya Kwanza government under the leadership of president William Ruto and his Deputy president Kithure Kindiki has faced resistance from Kenyans since the time he got elected. The head…
Mt Kenya Politician Opens Up On What Will Happen To Ruto If He Triggers Gen Zs To Go back To Streets
Former Mukurweini MP Kabando Wa Kabando has issued a dire warning to President William Ruto about a potential political upheaval. He predicts that any further provocation of Kenya’s youth, especially…
Jambojet plane crashes into poles at JKIA
Kenyan airline Jambojet reported that one of their aircraft collided with poles during an overnight maintenance routine at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport on Monday.Advertisements According to Jambojet, the aircraft rolled…
Matiang’i Surprise Choice Of This Vocal UDA MP As Running Mate That Could Help Him Beat Ruto In 2027
As the clock ticks towards the 2027 general election, former interior Cabinet Secretary is said to be assembling his political machinery ready to make a stab at the presidency. The…
Cartoon Comedian Quits Comedy To Concentrate On Relationship With Her New Nigerian Boyfriend, Rotimi
In November , Cartoon Comedian shocked many people after she announced that she is changing her name to Vanessa Akinyi. She deleted all her content and comedy skits on Instagram…
D’Tigress Captain Evelyn Akhator Celebrates Baby Arrival
Nigeria’s D’Tigress captain, Evelyn Akhator, has announced the joyful arrival of her baby, a moment she describes as a blessing. Fans and fellow athletes have rallied behind the basketball star,…
Charlene Ruto’s Dance Moves Steal the Show, Leave Kenyans Amazed
A viral video of First Daughter Charlene Ruto dancing energetically to gospel artist Jabidii’s music has taken social media by storm, leaving Kenyans both surprised and delighted. The clip, which…
Jets’ Tyrod Taylor called cops to evict ex Draya Michele and her child
New York Jets backup quarterback Tyrod Taylor allegedly called the cops on his model-actress ex-girlfriend, Draya Michele, to have her and her children evicted from the mansion they once shared.…
Nollywood actress Ronke Odusanya reveals how a friend’s lie ruined her marriage
Nigerian actress Ronke Odusanya has spoken out about her failed marriage to Saheed Olarenwaju aka Jago and what collapsed her marriage. In an interview on Wasila Coded TV with hosts…
Mulamwah and Ruth K shares photos of themselves having light moments together
Ruth K shares photos of herself with her family having some lovely moments together. The young family has been enjoying their time in marriage in recent times. Kenyan content creators…
Jeff Kuria Skips Inooro FM Morning Show, News Anchor Muhia wa Maina Helps Nyoxx to Review Newspapers
Inooro FM journalist Jeff Kuria holds Hagaria morning show together with Nyoxx wa Katta.The two media personalities are known for their vocals and expertise in journalism. The duo has been…
Critics Photoshopped My Wife’s Photos – Kasuku
Media personality and gossip enthusiast Kasuku Wazabanga held an introduction ceremony over the weekend, during which he was formally introduced to his wife’s parents. Also Read: Kasuku Officially Introduced by…
From Mama to Baba: The Bold Transformation of a Comedy Icon
In a bold move that has sparked widespread conversation, popular comedian Mama Kaunty has officially changed his name and persona to Baba Kaunty. This decision marks a significant shift in…
Ruto’s Cash Donation of 5 Million Handed Over to Anglican Church In Bag, Bishop Accepts It
Head of state President William Ruto’s cash donation of 5 million was handed over to Anglican Church in Bungoma by Bungoma County Governor Ken Lusaka. The donation was carried in…
” I’m Single, Rich And Searching For A Handsome Man. I Live In Runda” 64 Years Old Woman Claims
Dorothy is among the successful women who haven’t been able to find their perfect man, despite being 64 years old. She is a wealthy woman and she lives at the…
Changes in EPL Table Standings After All Sunday Results
Sunday’s Premier League action brought excitement as Chelsea, Liverpool, and Manchester United claimed vital wins, while Tottenham Hotspur’s struggles to secure consistency continued with a draw against Fulham. Chelsea delivered…
Ruto Responds To Gachagua: Leaders Who Worship Tribal Idols Have No Place In My Government
President William Ruto on Monday appeared to respond subtly to remarks made by former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua during a televised interview with NTV on Sunday. Speaking in Wundanyi, Taita…
“Shock As Top SDA Pastor Is Banned From Preaching & Initiating Weddings In Church
The Seventh-day Adventist (SDA) Church in Kisii has imposed a ban on Pastor Matara, prohibiting him from preaching at funerals, weddings, or any other functions within the region. Local church…
How The EPL Table Looks Following Liverpool, Chelsea And Manchester United Victory
Liverpool extended their impressive run in the Premier League with a commanding 2-0 victory over Manchester City at Anfield. The Reds displayed tactical discipline and clinical finishing, with goals from…
“We Can Also Bring Trouble” Ruto’s CS Sends Tough Warning To Critics Of Kenya Kwanza Government
On December 2, 2024, Cabinet Secretary Hassan Joho issued a strong statement addressing Kenyans who criticize the Kenya Kwanza government on social media platforms. Speaking candidly, Joho emphasized that nation-building…
MPs, CS Barasa to hold a Kamukunji over new health scheme
MPs will on Tuesday hold an informal meeting at Parliament Buildings to discuss challenges facing the implementation of the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Programme. Health Cabinet Secretary Deborah Barasa and…
New HIV Medicine to Land in Kenyan Market Soon, Expensive But 100% Effective.
Kenyans at high risk of exposure to HIV may soon gain access to a new long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) currently awaiting approval from the World Health Organization (WHO). The…
Letter banning CS, MP from US is fake
The US Embassy has flagged a public notice letter going around on social media stating that a member of parliament and a cabinet secretary have been banned from travelling to…
What Dr. Vincent Told His Mother Before He Was Found Dead Holding Hands with Moraa
The tragic deaths of Vincent Nyambunde and Angela Moraa have raised numerous questions, particularly regarding Vincent’s last communication with his family. According to his sister, Vincent called their mother around…
Revealed: What Killed Kisii Couple as Worrying Details Emerge
Lately, th number of shocking suicides and murders in the society have increased to a worrying trend with questions raised as to what could be happening around the country of.…
“Hatutaki Huyu” Kenyans React Online After Pres Ruto Names Nominees For The Interior CS Job
President William Ruto is set to announce a significant cabinet reshuffle this week, with sources from State House indicating that at least two new appointments are on the horizon. The…
Types of Bets You Can Place on the EPL
One of the biggest spectator sports in the world, let alone Australia, is the English Premier League. Home to some of the best soccer teams and players in the world,…
“Kazi Inafanyika” Azimio MP Changes Tune On Ruto’s Manifestos, Sees No Need for Opposition
Suna East MP Junet Mohamed has praised President William Ruto’s government, claiming its projects closely match those promised by Azimio la Umoja. Speaking at the commissioning of the 33/11KV substation…
Cabinet Reshuffle Looms As 2 New Faces Now set to Join The Cabinet
Speculation is rife about an imminent Cabinet reshuffle expected to bring at least two new faces into President William Ruto’s government. The focus is on the vacant Interior Cabinet Secretary…
Kenya Railways Announces Installation of State-of-the-Art Devices for MGR Trains
Kenya Railways has announced the installation of state-of-the-art communication devices on train wagons using the Meter Guage Railway (MGR) line. In a statement dated, Monday, December 2, the device will…
May their souls RIP: Atleast 56 people killed in clashes between rival fans at football match
In a heartbreaking turn of events, dozens of lives were tragically lost after violent clashes broke out during a football match. The incident unfolded when a group of fans, deeply…
Parents React After Ministry Of Education Listed 348 Boarding Schools That Will Be Closed Come 2025
After the tragic fire at the Hill Side Endarasha Academy in Nyeri County that killed more that 21 boys and left others with injuries, the ministry of education ordered the…
President Ruto Swears To Do Away With The Following Issues As Long As He Is The Head Of State
President William Ruto has reaffirmed his commitment to fostering national unity and inclusivity in Kenya. Speaking today, he emphasized his determination to fight against hate and tribalism. According to him,…
Go for HIV testing and treatment early, men told
The Elgeyo Marakwet County Executive Committee Member (CECM) in charge of Health Michale Kibiwott has called on men and boys to seek HIV testing and treatment before it’s too late.…
African countries with 1,000 or less military soldiers
Africa is home to several nations with notably small military forces, reflecting their unique security priorities, geopolitical contexts, and resource allocations. According to information held by the United States Central…
“Zero Creativity, Inakaa Orphanage” Mwijaku Calls Out Khaligraph Jones Mansion.
One of the most famous celebrities in Tanzania, who is also known as a critic officer, Mwijaku has caused stir online again. This time round Mwijaku has decided to call…
“Florence Is Not My First Wife” Elias Njeru Finally Comes Out Talking After Going Viral For Weeks
Some hours ago Metha Ya Kagoni interviewed Elias Njeru, who has been going viral for the past two weeks over allegations of attacking his wife Florence and stabbing her 25…
Baba Jimmy Cracks Up Netizens With a Hilarious Answer On His Bedroom Skills
Baba Jimmy, a TikToker, made internet users laugh after receiving a funny comment about his bedroom talents. When the preacher declared that he does not use mukombero, his cute wife,…
Bishop Kathy Kiuna, Musician Kambua Stun In Dapper Attire During A Church Event.
Bishop Kathy Kiuna of Jubilee Christian Church is not just a gospel minister but also a source of inspiration for her fans on social media.Known for her impeccable style, the…
Kabi Wa Jesus Says Cohabiting Is Wrong After Eve & Her Ex, Director Trevor Broke Up
Kabi Wa Jesus asserted that he had convinced Mungai Eve and Director Trevor to get married in order to bring stability. Kabi explained that while he is not against cohabitation,…
“Maisha Ya Kulala Kama Panga Balaa” Diamond Tired Of Being A Bachelor, Asks God For Help To Have Thi
Bongo Flava superstar Diamond Platnumz has opened up about his struggles with bachelorhood, confessing that he is tired of living alone. The award-winning artist, known for his string of hit…
Nimefanya Mambo Hapo M-Pesa: Bishop Kiengei Celebrates 1st Wife Keziah wa Kariuki, Sends Her Money.
Bishop Ben Kiengei, a celebrated Kenyan pastor, has left many in awe by honoring his ex-wife, Keziah wa Kariuki, on her birthday. Keziah, the mother of his first child, shared…
Swazi DJ Uncle Waffles slams organizers for chaotic Nairobi concert, promises return
Swazi DJ Uncle Waffles, real name Lungelihle Zwane has expressed disappointment after a weekend concert in Nairobi that was marred by chaos. During the Saturday concert held at the ASK…
Babu Owino Takes On Sakaja over Flooding In Nairobi, Claims He Stole Ksh2.5B Meant For Mitigation
Embakasi East Constituency Member of Parliament Hon Babu Owino, who is a top critic of Nairobi County Governor Hon Johnson Sakaja has once again attacked the city boss. This time…
MPs clash over church stance on state affairs
There were fireworks in Parliament on Thursday as MPs clashed over recent bashing of the state by church leaders who accused the government of running down the country. The harsh…
President Ruto Appoints Jofidha Otieno Kenya Space Agency Chairperson in Major Changes
President William Ruto has appointed retired Kenya Air Force Commander, Major General (Rtd) Jofidha Otieno Makowenga, as the new Chairperson of the Kenya Space Agency (KSA) Board. The announcement, made…
Ruto: Kenya Kwanza has made life easier, cheaper
President William Ruto has listed his administration’s key strides towards realising the Bottom-Up Transformation Agenda in Kenya Kwanza’s third year in office. Ruto unveiled the milestones in his report on…
Ichungwa Finally Responds To Gachagua’s Attack In Limuru
The renown Kikuyu MP honourable Kimani Ichungwa has revealed that the Gachagua’s attack in Limuru was not state sponsored as being claimed by some leaders allied to Gachagua.The renown Ichungwa…
Kenyan Nurses in Saudi Arabia Face Deportation Threats After Speaking Out
Kenyan nurses and caregivers working in Saudi Arabia are reportedly facing threats of dismissal and deportation after raising concerns about poor working conditions. This revelation came to light after CNN…
Revealed: How Gachagua Attack In Limuru Was Planned, Police Ignored Warning Signs
Fresh details have now emerged out how the attack on former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua, at a funeral service in Limuru Kiambu County on Thursday was planned until it was…
Death toll from Uganda landslides rises to 20: Red Cross
The death toll from landslides which hit several villages in eastern Uganda rose to 20, with more than 100 still unaccounted for, the Red Cross said Friday.The Red Cross said…
Kimani Ichung’wah Urges MPs to Plan for Retirement with NSSF Contributions
National Assembly Majority Leader Kimani Ichung’wah has called on Members of Parliament to take proactive steps in securing their financial future by contributing to pension schemes and the National Social…
New HIV Medicine to Land in Kenyan Market Soon, Expensive But 100% Effective.
A long-lasting injectable medication called lenacapavir could soon help Kenyans at high risk of HIV, pending approval by the World Health Organization (WHO). Unlike traditional oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) that…
Reveal new evidence on Adani deals – senators
President William Ruto cancels Adani deals in KenyaSenators now want President William Ruto to reveal the ‘new information’ that pushed him to cancel the controversial Adani Group deals with state…
Gov’t Issues Flood Alerts to 5 Regions, Announces Plans for Temporary Evacuations
The Ministry of Interior has issued flood alerts to five regions in Kenya owing to the projected rains over the weekend. In a statement dated Saturday, November 30, the Ministry…
Wangari Wa Kabera Daughter Finally Explains What Happened Saying She Never Met With Chege Wa America
Few days ago popular Kikuyu benga musician Wangari Wa Kabera came out saying that some years ago her daughter snatched her husband from her which left Kenyans shocked. Many were…
Pomp, colour at Justice Muchelule’s traditional wedding
It was pomp and colour as Court of Appeal Judge Justice Agrey Muchelule wedded the love of his life, Judy Kerich in a lavish ceremony. The ceremony took place in…
Wamalwa claims arrest of businessman Benson Ndeta was meant to block Bamburi Cement bid
DAP-K party leader Eugene Wamalwa has accused the Kenya Kwanza government of arbitrary abductions and continued enforced disappearances, citing the malicious arrest and subsequent prosecution of businessman Benson Sande Ndeta.…
President William Ruto Makes New Appointments in Government
President William Ruto has appointed retired Major General Jofidha Otieno Makowenga as the new Chairperson of the Kenya Space Agency Board. The appointment, announced in a notice on Friday, November…
Mystery As Another Doctor and Lover Found Dead In Their House In Kisii
Police in Kisii have launched a probe into the mysterious death of a couple whose bodies were found decomposing inside their house in Bomatara, Kitutu Chache South. The bodies identified…
Win for Raila as Another Candidate Quits, Endorses Him for AUC Chair
One-time Kenya’s prime minister Raila Odinga’s bid for the African Union Commission (AUC) chairmanship has continued to gather support in the recent past. Raila now has the third contender for…
Rashid Echesa Appointed as Chairman of National Council of Occupational Safety and Health
Rashid Echesa has been appointed as the chairperson of the National Council of Occupational Safety and Health. Rashid Echesa will serve in the position for the next three years. President…
Gen Z To the World: Meet The Young Kakamega Politician Changing Peoples Life
Since the renowned hullabaloo of the youths emanated mid this year, most of the youths have realized themselves and this geared them towards believing in themselves about serving society. The…
Amount Former Deputy President Gachagua Had Contributed to Family Before Chaos Erupted at Limuru
Former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua fled a burial ceremony in Bibirioni, Kenya, following a series of alarming developments that hinted at a premeditated attack. Insiders report that plans to confront…
Amount of Money Family Will Pay In Damages, After Chaos Erupted During Gachagua Limuru Attendance
Former deputy President Rigathi Gachagua endured a life threatening experience earlier in the week when he attended a burial ceremony in Limuru. There were hired goons who managed to access…
State releases Sh965 million for payment of interns
The government has released Sh965 million for the payment of interns. The Ministry of Health in a statement on Saturday said the amount will go to payment of monthly stipends…
Major Blow For Teachers as Government Sneaks in New Mandatory Deduction on Their Payslips
Public servants particularly teachers have suffered yet another major blow weeks after they were on the streets pleading with their employer Teachers Service Commission (TSC) to consider them and offer…
Top Story: Baba Jimmy’s brother speaks in Kiswahili,chides him for not working
A recent video featuring Baba Jimmy’s lookalike brother calling him out for his perceived lack of productivity has sparked lively discussions online. The clip, shared widely across social media, shows…
” Tap Tap The Scream” 2 Elderly Kenyan Women Making Money On Tiktok Through Begging Gifts.
Tiktok is one of the social media platforms that have really gained fame in the recent years. In Kenya it has emerged as a source of revenue for many people,…
Masilver Celebrates His Baby Mama’s Birthday Despite Her Choosing To Celebrate Her New Sugar Daddy
In the last few hours or so, drama has been witnessed on social media after Gengetone musician Masilver chose to celebrate the birthday of his baby mama Winny Wayua. The…
Worrying Video Shows TV Personality Speaking to Residents After Minor Accident
In a video that has gone viral on social media, Nyaga was seen conversing with residents while leaning on his car door. The media personality’s well-being was a cause of…